EPS@ISEP | The European Project Semester (EPS) at ISEP

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report [2020/06/17 18:21] – [5.2 The pillars of sustainability] team3report [2021/03/23 11:23] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 |Design|+|The design of the rooftop tents allows you to have nothing bungling behind the car and to sleep high away from snake bites and pointy gravel. A disadvantage of the rooftop tent is that there will be no place for extra baggage on the roof. The rooftop tent is built with comfort in mind.| |Design|+|The design of the rooftop tents allows you to have nothing bungling behind the car and to sleep high away from snake bites and pointy gravel. A disadvantage of the rooftop tent is that there will be no place for extra baggage on the roof. The rooftop tent is built with comfort in mind.|
 |Maintenance|+/-|The rooftop tent can be easily detached from the roof of the car but it is incredibly heavy. To lift the tent of the roof of the car at least 2 people are needed. The maintenance itself is kinda tricky as well. Small problems can be solved easily but because the tent consists of multiple items it will be hard to disassemble.| |Maintenance|+/-|The rooftop tent can be easily detached from the roof of the car but it is incredibly heavy. To lift the tent of the roof of the car at least 2 people are needed. The maintenance itself is kinda tricky as well. Small problems can be solved easily but because the tent consists of multiple items it will be hard to disassemble.|
-|Materials|+|The tent body is constructed of water-repellent, durable poly-cotton ripstop fabric. While the tent base is made of aluminum.|+|Materials|+|The tent body is constructed of water-repellent, durable poly-cotton ripstop fabric. While the tent base is made of aluminium.|
 |Price[€/m²]|-|The rooftop tent is worth around 1260 €, that is alright but considering the size of the shelter(which is 1.3 m by 2.4 m), it is not the best price to get on the market. The price per Square meter is 403.84 €.| |Price[€/m²]|-|The rooftop tent is worth around 1260 €, that is alright but considering the size of the shelter(which is 1.3 m by 2.4 m), it is not the best price to get on the market. The price per Square meter is 403.84 €.|
 ^  Conclusion  ^^^ ^  Conclusion  ^^^
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 ^ Research objects ^ ++/- - ^ Reason ^ ^ Research objects ^ ++/- - ^ Reason ^
 |Transportability|+|The shelter has a low weight, of course, it will depend on the size of the tent, especially with the extra pump. Because of the light model of the shelter, it is possible to transport it with a bike.| |Transportability|+|The shelter has a low weight, of course, it will depend on the size of the tent, especially with the extra pump. Because of the light model of the shelter, it is possible to transport it with a bike.|
-|Shape, Structure|+|The structure of the tent makes it available to live with more than 5 people in the tent, this, of course, depends on the size of the tent. The design in the image has an extra room that can serve as a living room. The shape will be a simple rectangle hold together by ropes and tent pins. The size is limited it will not be smaller than a tent for 2 people because the area that the inflatable tubes fill makes it expensive to build tents for only one person. The volume the tubes filled with air fill is a lot bigger than the metal/aluminum sticks in regular tents. |+|Shape, Structure|+|The structure of the tent makes it available to live with more than 5 people in the tent, this, of course, depends on the size of the tent. The design in the image has an extra room that can serve as a living room. The shape will be a simple rectangle hold together by ropes and tent pins. The size is limited it will not be smaller than a tent for 2 people because the area that the inflatable tubes fill makes it expensive to build tents for only one person. The volume the tubes filled with air fill is a lot bigger than the metal/aluminium sticks in regular tents. |
 |Design|+|The design of the inflatable tent makes it really lightweight and easy to set up if compared to a normal tent the inflatable tent only needs to be thrown on the ground, get the tubes filled with air and be stabilized with ropes and tent pins.| |Design|+|The design of the inflatable tent makes it really lightweight and easy to set up if compared to a normal tent the inflatable tent only needs to be thrown on the ground, get the tubes filled with air and be stabilized with ropes and tent pins.|
 |Maintenance|+|The inflatable tent is one of the easiest shelters to repair, or be checked. if there is a hole in the fabric it can easily be repaired. if there is a hole in the inflation tubes fabric can be used as well, it has to be able to withstand strong pressure because of the air in the tubes.| |Maintenance|+|The inflatable tent is one of the easiest shelters to repair, or be checked. if there is a hole in the fabric it can easily be repaired. if there is a hole in the inflation tubes fabric can be used as well, it has to be able to withstand strong pressure because of the air in the tubes.|
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 === - Instant tent === === - Instant tent ===
  
-The instant tent is one of the most common tents on the market. It is made in multiple shapes and structures. The Instant tent is different from the other tents by that it is packed compact and is easily set up by opening the bag. It is one of the easiest shelters to manufacture. The instant tent is supported by metal/aluminum sticks and held to the ground by tent pins. This causes the instant tent to be stable in most areas with grass or dirt. Another requirement for the tent spot is the angle and roughness of the terrain. Because the bottom of the tent is only one layer of fabric changes in terrain are noticeable. This time the Zomake tent was chosen because of its quick set up time of only 30 seconds [(Instant_tent)].\\+The instant tent is one of the most common tents on the market. It is made in multiple shapes and structures. The Instant tent is different from the other tents by that it is packed compact and is easily set up by opening the bag. It is one of the easiest shelters to manufacture. The instant tent is supported by metal/aluminium sticks and held to the ground by tent pins. This causes the instant tent to be stable in most areas with grass or dirt. Another requirement for the tent spot is the angle and roughness of the terrain. Because the bottom of the tent is only one layer of fabric changes in terrain are noticeable. This time the Zomake tent was chosen because of its quick set up time of only 30 seconds [(Instant_tent)].\\
 The Zomake tent is illustrated in Figure {{ref>zomake}}.\\ The Zomake tent is illustrated in Figure {{ref>zomake}}.\\
  
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 ^ Research objects ^ ++/- - ^ Reason ^ ^ Research objects ^ ++/- - ^ Reason ^
-|Transportability|++|The shelter has a low weight. Everything can be carried in a bag. It will have extra aluminum poles.| +|Transportability|++|The shelter has a low weight. Everything can be carried in a bag. It will have extra aluminium poles.| 
-|Shape, Structure|+|The shape and structure is similar to the inflatable tent. The inflatable tent is supported by pipes filled with air and the regular tent is supported by a skeleton of metal/aluminum sticks. which makes the regular tent heavier if it is the same size. But because of the thin pipes, an entire spectrum of designs is possible. |+|Shape, Structure|+|The shape and structure is similar to the inflatable tent. The inflatable tent is supported by pipes filled with air and the regular tent is supported by a skeleton of metal/aluminium sticks. which makes the regular tent heavier if it is the same size. But because of the thin pipes, an entire spectrum of designs is possible. |
 |Design|++|The design of the regular tent is quite genius. The thin sticks in the tent can be made into an entire spectrum of designs so even the weirdest tents can be built.| |Design|++|The design of the regular tent is quite genius. The thin sticks in the tent can be made into an entire spectrum of designs so even the weirdest tents can be built.|
-|Maintenance|+/-|The regular tent has 2 main points that will need repairment, the fabric, and the metal/aluminum rods. Because of the pressure that will be put on the tent by the sticks, tiny cracks in the fabrics are unavoidable and if the sticks break it is necessary to buy new ones. | +|Maintenance|+/-|The regular tent has 2 main points that will need repairment, the fabric, and the metal/aluminium rods. Because of the pressure that will be put on the tent by the sticks, tiny cracks in the fabrics are unavoidable, and if the sticks break it is necessary to buy new ones. | 
-|Materials|+|The tent is made of 210D water-resistant k-oxford fabric and has a couple of aluminum poles that hold the tent together.|+|Materials|+|The tent is made of 210D water-resistant k-oxford fabric and has a couple of aluminium poles that hold the tent together.|
 |Price[€/m²]|++|The Zomake tent is a cheap tent at the price of 75 € with the size of 220 cm by 220 cm it makes the Instant tent the cheapest tents in this category with the price per square meter of 15.50 €.| |Price[€/m²]|++|The Zomake tent is a cheap tent at the price of 75 € with the size of 220 cm by 220 cm it makes the Instant tent the cheapest tents in this category with the price per square meter of 15.50 €.|
 ^  Conclusion  ^^^ ^  Conclusion  ^^^
-|The Instant tent, as one of the more common tents in the world, is one of the best choices to take with you on a short camping trip. The tent needs a couple of materials like aluminum sticks and tent rods but it is still one of the safest choices to chose for camping. The tent's weight is lower than the average shelters in the market and it is pretty easy to repair. The reason why most people will still choose this shelter is that the time it takes to set up the shelter is around 30 seconds.|||+|The Instant tent, as one of the more common tents in the world, is one of the best choices to take with you on a short camping trip. The tent needs a couple of materials like aluminium sticks and tent rods but it is still one of the safest choices to chose for camping. The tent's weight is lower than the average shelters in the market and it is pretty easy to repair. The reason why most people will still choose this shelter is that the time it takes to set up the shelter is around 30 seconds.|||
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 |Design|-|A shelter exists out of several quadrangular spaces. It only provides the necessary needs of space for an animal. Building an animal shelter requires making a series of decisions unique to animal-housing facilities such as choosing safe caging materials and selecting appropriate floor coatings. They have flat roofs, although flat roofs are convenient for accommodating HVAC equipment, they are more prone to leaks and may collapse under heavy ice and snow build-up [(animal_sheltering2019)].|  |Design|-|A shelter exists out of several quadrangular spaces. It only provides the necessary needs of space for an animal. Building an animal shelter requires making a series of decisions unique to animal-housing facilities such as choosing safe caging materials and selecting appropriate floor coatings. They have flat roofs, although flat roofs are convenient for accommodating HVAC equipment, they are more prone to leaks and may collapse under heavy ice and snow build-up [(animal_sheltering2019)].| 
 |Period of use|+|The shelter is maintained by employees or caretakers. After +/- 20 years the shelters had to be replaced. It is a shelter which is used daily by animals without a home.|  |Period of use|+|The shelter is maintained by employees or caretakers. After +/- 20 years the shelters had to be replaced. It is a shelter which is used daily by animals without a home.| 
-|Materials|-|**Types:** \\ __//Modular runs://__ Aluminum or stainless-steel frame with solid in-fill or cage "rod" in-fill panels. \\ __//Panelized kennel fencing://__ A smooth chain link with a galvanized metal frame (material is electro-galvanized, not hot-dipped) This fencing is more difficult to clean than solid walls. \\ \\ **Requirements of materials in animal shelters:** \\ The perfect surface would have these characteristics: Pleasing visual impact, Durable, Easily cleanable, Resilient, Nonabsorbent to liquids and odors, Prevents microbial growth, Sound absorbent. \\ __//Cleanliness://__ \\ Appropriate flooring materials are vital to maintaining a clean facility in which microorganisms and odors are minimized. Poured floors with a minimum of seams are best. \\ __//Noise control://__ \\ 1) Absorption of sounds: porous, sponge-like materials (carpet, drapery, foam rubber, acoustic ceiling tile, sprayed-on fibers). \\ Sound-absorbing materials (good for durability and cleanliness):\\ - mylar-faced ceiling baffles - NRC 0.95; \\ - quilted blankets/banners hung from ceiling- NRC 1.10; \\ - fabric-wrapped wall panels - NRC 0.90; \\ - sound block (concrete block with slots and foam inside) - NRC 0.35.\\ \\ 2) The Second way who they controlling noise is isolating the area by using a wall or ceiling assembly that has a high mass. Typical forms are: \\ - 3 ½“ steel stud wall with gypsum drywall both sides - 47 STC;\\ - two wythes (layers) of 4" brick with plaster - 59 STC. \\ \\ 3) Keeping noise outside by: By using double panes of glass separated by at least 4" of air space (windows), use tight-fitting, solid core wood doors or hollow metal doors with insulation (doors), foam spacers, Barium Loaded Vinyl (A heavy-duty rubber between multiple layers of drywall in a wall), masking by using muzak (The Muzak (background music) effectively covers the barking without significantly increasing the sound level) [(animal_sheltering2019)]. |+|Materials|-|**Types:** \\ __//Modular runs://__ Aluminium or stainless-steel frame with solid in-fill or cage "rod" in-fill panels. \\ __//Panelized kennel fencing://__ A smooth chain link with a galvanized metal frame (material is electro-galvanized, not hot-dipped) This fencing is more difficult to clean than solid walls. \\ \\ **Requirements of materials in animal shelters:** \\ The perfect surface would have these characteristics: Pleasing visual impact, Durable, Easily cleanable, Resilient, Nonabsorbent to liquids and odors, Prevents microbial growth, Sound absorbent. \\ __//Cleanliness://__ \\ Appropriate flooring materials are vital to maintaining a clean facility in which microorganisms and odors are minimized. Poured floors with a minimum of seams are best. \\ __//Noise control://__ \\ 1) Absorption of sounds: porous, sponge-like materials (carpet, drapery, foam rubber, acoustic ceiling tile, sprayed-on fibers). \\ Sound-absorbing materials (good for durability and cleanliness):\\ - mylar-faced ceiling baffles - NRC 0.95; \\ - quilted blankets/banners hung from ceiling- NRC 1.10; \\ - fabric-wrapped wall panels - NRC 0.90; \\ - sound block (concrete block with slots and foam inside) - NRC 0.35.\\ \\ 2) The Second way who they controlling noise is isolating the area by using a wall or ceiling assembly that has a high mass. Typical forms are: \\ - 3 ½“ steel stud wall with gypsum drywall both sides - 47 STC;\\ - two wythes (layers) of 4" brick with plaster - 59 STC. \\ \\ 3) Keeping noise outside by: By using double panes of glass separated by at least 4" of air space (windows), use tight-fitting, solid core wood doors or hollow metal doors with insulation (doors), foam spacers, Barium Loaded Vinyl (A heavy-duty rubber between multiple layers of drywall in a wall), masking by using muzak (The Muzak (background music) effectively covers the barking without significantly increasing the sound level) [(animal_sheltering2019)]. |
 |Dimensions|-|For Cats: 1,8-2,8 /m² per cat (with higher ceilings for more places to climb), for dogs: 5,5-11 /m² [(MADDIE)].| |Dimensions|-|For Cats: 1,8-2,8 /m² per cat (with higher ceilings for more places to climb), for dogs: 5,5-11 /m² [(MADDIE)].|
 |Price [€/m²]|/|The price is indefinite because the purchase- /rent costs and maintenance costs should be charged at the price. It is not a one-time-purchase but a lifetime cost. An estimated cost: Renovation/new construction ranged from  13,5 - 17 €/m² not including land.|  |Price [€/m²]|/|The price is indefinite because the purchase- /rent costs and maintenance costs should be charged at the price. It is not a one-time-purchase but a lifetime cost. An estimated cost: Renovation/new construction ranged from  13,5 - 17 €/m² not including land.| 
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 By looking at different shelters on the market a decision can be made. To make this decision, the most important aspects were viewed. The most important aspect is the shape of the disaster shelter. A honeycomb shape was chosen because it is important to place multiple tents in a small area without losing extra space and the shape is a shape of nature that will improve the appearance of the shelter. Another very important choice to make was the technique that is used to hold up the tent. One of the goals of this project is to build a shelter that does not need extra materials. So a couple of techniques like inflation, pipes and a hardshell outer layer are the main options. For the final disaster shelter, a combination of hardshell and pipes will be used to get great stability with the added bonus of foldability. The materials used will provide some insulation, of relatively lightweight and which are friendly to the environment and the manufacturing method so we can use a combination of polymeric materials or fabric that can be customized. By looking at different shelters on the market a decision can be made. To make this decision, the most important aspects were viewed. The most important aspect is the shape of the disaster shelter. A honeycomb shape was chosen because it is important to place multiple tents in a small area without losing extra space and the shape is a shape of nature that will improve the appearance of the shelter. Another very important choice to make was the technique that is used to hold up the tent. One of the goals of this project is to build a shelter that does not need extra materials. So a couple of techniques like inflation, pipes and a hardshell outer layer are the main options. For the final disaster shelter, a combination of hardshell and pipes will be used to get great stability with the added bonus of foldability. The materials used will provide some insulation, of relatively lightweight and which are friendly to the environment and the manufacturing method so we can use a combination of polymeric materials or fabric that can be customized.
  
-Following chapter will explain the Project Management approach of SafeBIS.+Following chapter will explain the Project Management approach of SafeBIS.\\ 
 ===== - Project Management ===== ===== - Project Management =====
 +
  
  
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 | 6 |Cotton Canvas Fabric|Walls|fibre2fashion|1.83|2.45|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|7.94-10.22| | 6 |Cotton Canvas Fabric|Walls|fibre2fashion|1.83|2.45|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|7.94-10.22|
 | 7 |Cotton Canvas Fabric|Roof|fibre2fashion|1.83|1.1|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|3.56-4.59| | 7 |Cotton Canvas Fabric|Roof|fibre2fashion|1.83|1.1|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|3.56-4.59|
-| 8 |Connectors to attach the shelters together|Walls|/|/|12|/|/|/| +| 8 |Connectors to attach the shelters together|Walls|Unknown|Unknown|12|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 9 |Clips/fabric fasteners|Walls|/|/|12|/|/|/| +| 9 |Clips/fabric fasteners|Walls|Unknown|Unknown|12|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 10 |Clips/fabric fasteners|Roof|/|/|16|/|/|/| +| 10 |Clips/fabric fasteners|Roof|Unknown|Unknown|16|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 11 |Support for beams|To fix on the floor|/|/|6|/|/|/| +| 11 |Support for beams|To fix on the floor|Unknown|Unknown|6|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 12 |Zipper|Doors|Ebay|/|8|/|/|/|+| 12 |Zipper|Doors|Ebay|Unknown|8|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown|
 ^**Total cost** : 58.70 €^^^^^^^^^ ^**Total cost** : 58.70 €^^^^^^^^^
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 | 2 |Cotton Canvas|Outer Layer|fibre2fashion|35.42|35.42|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|114.76| | 2 |Cotton Canvas|Outer Layer|fibre2fashion|35.42|35.42|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|114.76|
 | 3 |Cotton Canvas|Inside Tent|fibre2fashion|58.78|58.78|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|190.45| | 3 |Cotton Canvas|Inside Tent|fibre2fashion|58.78|58.78|m²|3.24-4.17 €/m²|190.45|
-| 4 |Connectors|To attach the hinges|/|/|36|items|/|/| +| 4 |Connectors|To attach the hinges|Unknown|Unknown|36|items|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 5 |ALU Panel-Aluminum Composite Panel|Floor/Packaging|GEPLAST|16.69 (10 mm thick)|16.69|m²|/|/| +| 5 |ALU Panel-Aluminium Composite Panel|Floor/Packaging|GEPLAST|16.69 (10 mm thick)|16.69|m²|Unknown|Unknown| 
-| 6 |Aluminum Square Beams|Structure|DEPO|0.05x0.05x0.003|45.15m/ 8 items|m|46.63/6 m|373.04| +| 6 |Aluminium Square Profile Beams|Structure|DEPO|0.05x0.05x0.003|45.15 m/ 8 items|m|46.63/6 m|373.04| 
-| 7 |Cork Roll|Floor|Corklink|15x1x0.004|16.69|m²|3.68 €/m²|61.42| +| 7 |Cork Roll|Floor|Corklink|15x1x0.004 m|16.69|m²|3.68 €/m²|61.42| 
-| 8 |Steel Plate|Legs|/|/|8 items|/|/|/|+| 8 |Steel Plate|Legs|Unknown|28x28x0.4 cm|8 items|Unknown|Unknown|Unknown|
 | 9 |Zipper|Doors|Ebay|3 m|8|items|9.10|72.80| | 9 |Zipper|Doors|Ebay|3 m|8|items|9.10|72.80|
 | 10 |Fabric fasteners|Walls|Snowl/Alibaba|18 cm|24|items|0.45|10.8| | 10 |Fabric fasteners|Walls|Snowl/Alibaba|18 cm|24|items|0.45|10.8|
 | 11 |Steel Cable|Roof|WebsiLor|7x7AA04G (4mm diameter)|15|m|0.6 €/m|9.00| | 11 |Steel Cable|Roof|WebsiLor|7x7AA04G (4mm diameter)|15|m|0.6 €/m|9.00|
 | 12 |Tent Pegs|To fix the legs|Multivers|30 cm|7|items|1.2|8.4| | 12 |Tent Pegs|To fix the legs|Multivers|30 cm|7|items|1.2|8.4|
-| 13 |Hinges|Structure+Floor|/|/|36|items|/|/|+| 13 |Hinges|Structure+Floor|Unknown|Unknown|36|items|Unknown|Unknown|
 ^**Total cost** : ~884.04 €^^^^^^^^^ ^**Total cost** : ~884.04 €^^^^^^^^^
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 Regarding materials and components, the Bis team wants to adopt for the design of the shelter the best materials, sustainable, with low impact on the environment, the choice of natural materials, minimizing the amount of non-renewable materials used.\\ Regarding materials and components, the Bis team wants to adopt for the design of the shelter the best materials, sustainable, with low impact on the environment, the choice of natural materials, minimizing the amount of non-renewable materials used.\\
-All the chosen materials are recyclable, being widely used aluminum, cotton fabric, and steel. The resulting shelters aim to ensure human needs, providing safety against external factors and, at the same time, have the role of encouraging the use of renewable natural materials as little as possible, but for long-term usable products.\\+All the chosen materials are recyclable, being widely used aluminium, cotton fabric, and steel. The resulting shelters aim to ensure human needs, providing safety against external factors and, at the same time, have the role of encouraging the use of renewable natural materials as little as possible, but for long-term usable products.\\
  
 Time is the most important factor in carrying out a project. In close accordance with the purpose and budget, the quality in terms of time factor is dependent on all other aspects. If the goal is well set and the budget is assured, time is the guideline for the project. Thus, if the time management is achieved and respected, the project will be carried out in good parameters, at the same time, it is very important the time aimed at making and fixing the shelters in the specially arranged places. Time efficiency is the key to meeting the target.\\ Time is the most important factor in carrying out a project. In close accordance with the purpose and budget, the quality in terms of time factor is dependent on all other aspects. If the goal is well set and the budget is assured, time is the guideline for the project. Thus, if the time management is achieved and respected, the project will be carried out in good parameters, at the same time, it is very important the time aimed at making and fixing the shelters in the specially arranged places. Time efficiency is the key to meeting the target.\\
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   * A = Accountable (Person who ensures that prerequisites of the task are met and who delegates the work to those responsible).   * A = Accountable (Person who ensures that prerequisites of the task are met and who delegates the work to those responsible).
   * C = Consulted (Those whose opinions are sought, typically subject matter experts, and with whom there is two-way communication).   * C = Consulted (Those whose opinions are sought, typically subject matter experts, and with whom there is two-way communication).
-  * I = Informed (Those who are kept up-to-date on progress, often only on completion of the task or deliverable, and with whom there is just one-way communication).\\+  * I = Informed (Those who are kept up-to-date on progress, often only on completion of the task or deliverable, and with whom there is just one-way communication). 
 +  * P = Participant (Those who have contributed to the accomplishment of a certain task).\\
  
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 When focussing on project management, we are reminded of the fact that having fluent communication is extremely important. As all the members are separated from each other because of COVID-19, clear communication is more important than ever before. Having all the member attempting to the two team meetings every week and providing them with the right tasks and feedback, is essential during this project.\\ When focussing on project management, we are reminded of the fact that having fluent communication is extremely important. As all the members are separated from each other because of COVID-19, clear communication is more important than ever before. Having all the member attempting to the two team meetings every week and providing them with the right tasks and feedback, is essential during this project.\\
 +
 ==== - Conclusion ==== ==== - Conclusion ====
  
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 ===== - Marketing Plan ===== ===== - Marketing Plan =====
 +
 +
  
 ==== - Introduction ==== ==== - Introduction ====
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 The third idea the team wants to cover is using sites like "Gofoundme.com". These sites will put BIS in front of an audience that wants to donate and with their help, we can produce and ship our shelters to affected areas. By doing these small steps BIS will gradually start to become a recognizable brand. The third idea the team wants to cover is using sites like "Gofoundme.com". These sites will put BIS in front of an audience that wants to donate and with their help, we can produce and ship our shelters to affected areas. By doing these small steps BIS will gradually start to become a recognizable brand.
  
-In chapter 5 an explanation about the sustainability of our project is given.+In chapter 5 an explanation about the sustainability of our project is given.\\ 
 ===== - Eco-efficiency Measures for Sustainability ===== ===== - Eco-efficiency Measures for Sustainability =====
 +
  
 ==== - Introduction ==== ==== - Introduction ====
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 The concept of sustainability can be reached by looking at the environment, the social aspect, and the economical aspect. To achieve the highest level of sustainability each of the three pillars should be taken seriously. The environment pillar is related to natural resources, water, and air quality, energy conservation, and land use. The Social pillar deals with the community, education, equity, social resources, health, well being, and quality of life. The Economical pillar deals with the bottom line and the cash flow. In this chapter, there will be given an overview of each of the three pillars and the implementation of those pillars in the shelter [(futurelearn)]. The concept of sustainability can be reached by looking at the environment, the social aspect, and the economical aspect. To achieve the highest level of sustainability each of the three pillars should be taken seriously. The environment pillar is related to natural resources, water, and air quality, energy conservation, and land use. The Social pillar deals with the community, education, equity, social resources, health, well being, and quality of life. The Economical pillar deals with the bottom line and the cash flow. In this chapter, there will be given an overview of each of the three pillars and the implementation of those pillars in the shelter [(futurelearn)].
 === - The environmental pillar=== === - The environmental pillar===
-Global warming is a big problem during the current days. A lot of companies are committing a lot of resources on this problem. Unfortunately, the measures that are taken can be considered soft or in the wrong direction. That's why the disaster shelter wants to prevent this and go with an environmental approach. The environmental pillar in the case of the disaster shelter can be separated into two aspects: Materials and the location. To create the optimal shelter, good materials are needed. These materials need to be able to survive harsh weather circumstances while being good for the environment. That’s why the materials that are used in the BIS shelter are: Aluminum, cork, and cotton. All these materials are easy to recycle and with the exception of Aluminum, they are biodegradable. Aluminum was chosen because of its low weight and robustness. For the fabric part of the shelter, cotton was used this improved because it has only one disadvantage: absorbing water. This will increase the weight of the shelter and make it hard to transport. Of course, this is easy to solve by drying the fabric.\\ +Global warming is a big problem during the current days. A lot of companies are committing a lot of resources on this problem. Unfortunately, the measures that are taken can be considered soft or in the wrong direction. That's why the disaster shelter wants to prevent this and go with an environmental approach. The environmental pillar in the case of the disaster shelter can be separated into two aspects: Materials and the location. To create the optimal shelter, good materials are needed. These materials need to be able to survive harsh weather circumstances while being good for the environment. That’s why the materials that are used in the BIS shelter are: Aluminium, cork, and cotton. All these materials are easy to recycle and with the exception of Aluminium, they are biodegradable. Aluminium was chosen because of its low weight and robustness. For the fabric part of the shelter, cotton was used this improved because it has only one disadvantage: absorbing water. This will increase the weight of the shelter and make it hard to transport. Of course, this is easy to solve by drying the fabric.\\ 
 The location of the shelter is really important as well because there will always be a footprint of society in the area where it's placed. If this is in a location that is easy to reach, the garbage and broken materials can be transported to nearby dumps quite easily. The location should not endanger the environment in any way. In the optimal case, the shelters should be buildable with materials on hand in the disaster-struck areas so there are no transport costs. This will not work in the case of most disaster-struck areas so the focus should lie on the weight and size of the shelter together with the kind of material used to make the shelter to keep the transport as low as possible  [(ROLE)]. The SafeBIS team decided to build their warehouse in Romania. This decision was made as Romania offers a lot of high-quality manufacturers, this makes it possible for us to select the most reliable ones and to reduce the transport distance for getting the needed components.\\ The location of the shelter is really important as well because there will always be a footprint of society in the area where it's placed. If this is in a location that is easy to reach, the garbage and broken materials can be transported to nearby dumps quite easily. The location should not endanger the environment in any way. In the optimal case, the shelters should be buildable with materials on hand in the disaster-struck areas so there are no transport costs. This will not work in the case of most disaster-struck areas so the focus should lie on the weight and size of the shelter together with the kind of material used to make the shelter to keep the transport as low as possible  [(ROLE)]. The SafeBIS team decided to build their warehouse in Romania. This decision was made as Romania offers a lot of high-quality manufacturers, this makes it possible for us to select the most reliable ones and to reduce the transport distance for getting the needed components.\\
 === - The economical pillar=== === - The economical pillar===
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 Chapter 6 shows the ethical and deontological concerns that the team took into account while developing the shelters. Chapter 6 shows the ethical and deontological concerns that the team took into account while developing the shelters.
 ===== - Ethical and Deontological Concerns ===== ===== - Ethical and Deontological Concerns =====
 +
  
 ==== - Introduction ====  ==== - Introduction ==== 
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 ===== - Project Development ===== ===== - Project Development =====
 +
  
 ==== - Introduction ==== ==== - Introduction ====
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   * Sealing System   * Sealing System
 The sealing system refers to the hermetic closure between the component parts so that the heat is not lost or a temperature balance between the inside and outside space is maintained. At the same time, it is necessary to consider good insulation in adverse weather conditions that can endanger the life and health of people and at the same time, the materials and components of the shelter can be damaged.\\ The sealing system refers to the hermetic closure between the component parts so that the heat is not lost or a temperature balance between the inside and outside space is maintained. At the same time, it is necessary to consider good insulation in adverse weather conditions that can endanger the life and health of people and at the same time, the materials and components of the shelter can be damaged.\\
-In the case of SafeBIS, natural materials have been chosen, mostly aluminum, and cotton canvas, which are environmentally friendly, do not pollute, are fully recyclable, and very resistant. The fabric will be attached by using fasteners.\\+In the case of SafeBIS, natural materials have been chosen, mostly aluminium, and cotton canvas, which are environmentally friendly, do not pollute, are fully recyclable, and very resistant. The fabric will be attached by using fasteners.\\
   * Ventilation   * Ventilation
 Ventilation is a very important factor that must be taken into account in any type of room. To achieve the recirculation of the air it is necessary a ventilation system, or the simplest, it is adopted the creation of a window in the fabric, so that both the light and the air enter and leave the shelter.\\ Ventilation is a very important factor that must be taken into account in any type of room. To achieve the recirculation of the air it is necessary a ventilation system, or the simplest, it is adopted the creation of a window in the fabric, so that both the light and the air enter and leave the shelter.\\
   * Thermal Protection   * Thermal Protection
-Thermal protection is achieved by choosing the cotton canvas, which is a good insulator, at the same time, for the floor is used aluminum which can be covered by a layer of cork. The properties of the cork material are incomparably excellent, giving good isolation, comfort to the touch and at the same time an impeccable appearance.\\+Thermal protection is achieved by choosing the cotton canvas, which is a good insulator, at the same time, for the floor is used aluminium which can be covered by a layer of cork. The properties of the cork material are incomparably excellent, giving good isolation, comfort to the touch and at the same time an impeccable appearance.\\
   * Attachment System   * Attachment System
 The attachment system mainly refers to the method by which we want to create a community of shelters for people who have been through a disaster.\\ The attachment system mainly refers to the method by which we want to create a community of shelters for people who have been through a disaster.\\
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-=== - Assembly Methods===+=== - Assembly Methods Studied===
  
 **Assembly Method 1**\\ **Assembly Method 1**\\
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 | 2 |Cotton Canvas|Outer Layer|fibre2fashion|35.42 m²|{{ ::16115940_0_2.jpg?200 |}}| | 2 |Cotton Canvas|Outer Layer|fibre2fashion|35.42 m²|{{ ::16115940_0_2.jpg?200 |}}|
 | 3 |Cotton Canvas|Inside Tent|fibre2fashion|58.78 m²|{{ ::16115940_0_2.jpg?200 |}}| | 3 |Cotton Canvas|Inside Tent|fibre2fashion|58.78 m²|{{ ::16115940_0_2.jpg?200 |}}|
-| 4 |ALU Panel-Aluminum Composite Panel|Floor/Packaging|GEPLAST|16.69 (10 mm thick)|{{ ::alucore.jpg?200 |}}| +| 4 |ALU Panel-Aluminium Composite Panel|Floor/Packaging|GEPLAST|16.69 (10 mm thick)|{{ ::alucore.jpg?200 |}}| 
-| 5 |Aluminum Square Beams|Structure|DEPO|0.05x0.05x0.003 m|{{ ::aluminiu.jpg?200 |}}|+| 5 |Aluminium Square Profile Beams|Structure|DEPO|0.05x0.05x0.003 m|{{ ::aluminiu.jpg?200 |}}|
 | 6 |Cork Roll|Floor|Corklink|15x1x0.004 m|{{ :cork-roll-846x846.jpg?200 |}}| | 6 |Cork Roll|Floor|Corklink|15x1x0.004 m|{{ :cork-roll-846x846.jpg?200 |}}|
 | 7 |Steel Plate|Legs|/|/|{{ ::stee_.jpg?200 |}}| | 7 |Steel Plate|Legs|/|/|{{ ::stee_.jpg?200 |}}|
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 == - Materials for beams === == - Materials for beams ===
  
-First of all the team focused on finding the best type of wood to use as a construction material because creating a shelter with a warm, homey atmosphere was our priority. Trade-offs between different types of wood were done when SafeBIS decided to choose laminated oak wood as the material for the beams. A couple of weeks later when the team defined the fabric of the walls more precisely, changes were made, and rethinking the material of the beams was necessary. As the beams were too heavy and had to be attached to the fabric, the team decided to change the material from laminated oak wood to aluminum. The research that was done about oak wood and aluminum is explained below. \\+First of all the team focused on finding the best type of wood to use as a construction material because creating a shelter with a warm, homey atmosphere was our priority. Trade-offs between different types of wood were done when SafeBIS decided to choose laminated oak wood as the material for the beams. A couple of weeks later when the team defined the fabric of the walls more precisely, changes were made, and rethinking the material of the beams was necessary. As the beams were too heavy and had to be attached to the fabric, the team decided to change the material from laminated oak wood to aluminium. The research that was done about oak wood and aluminium is explained below. \\
  
   * **OAK WOOD**\\   * **OAK WOOD**\\
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 According to these results, laminated wood materials, more superior values than solid wood materials which were representing their kinds.\\ \\ According to these results, laminated wood materials, more superior values than solid wood materials which were representing their kinds.\\ \\
  
-  * **UNTREATED ALUMINUM**\\+  * **UNTREATED ALUMINIUM**\\
  
-The advantages of aluminum are well known, aluminum is a silver-white, strong material that is extremely light compared to other metals, but nevertheless not less durable and corrosion-resistant (thanks to a thin oxide skin). In addition, aluminum can be formed fairly easily and it is suitable for both cutting and casting. Aluminum is one of the most recycled materials, it is practically 100% reusable and is not subject to loss of quality (degeneration).+The advantages of aluminium are well known, aluminium is a silver-white, strong material that is extremely light compared to other metals, but nevertheless not less durable and corrosion-resistant (thanks to a thin oxide skin). In addition, aluminium can be formed fairly easily and it is suitable for both cutting and casting. Aluminium is one of the most recycled materials, it is practically 100% reusable and is not subject to loss of quality (degeneration).
  
-Untreated aluminum can perfectly be used outdoor as it will always form an oxide layer when it comes into contact with oxygen. This oxide layer is completely closed and adheres firmly to the surface of the aluminum profile. The layer protects the aluminum and increases corrosion resistance, it is self-healing in case of scratches, water-resistant and comparable in hardness to glass. This oxide layer also ensures that the surface of an aluminum profile becomes duller [(aluminiumvakman)].+Untreated aluminium can perfectly be used outdoor as it will always form an oxide layer when it comes into contact with oxygen. This oxide layer is completely closed and adheres firmly to the surface of the aluminium profile. The layer protects the aluminium and increases corrosion resistance, it is self-healing in case of scratches, water-resistant and comparable in hardness to glass. This oxide layer also ensures that the surface of an aluminium profile becomes duller [(aluminiumvakman)].
  
-The downside is that there are a number of factors that negatively affect the corrosion resistance of aluminum, such as contact with other metals (copper, lead, iron) especially in combination with high moisture content, inorganic acids, chlorinated solvents, seawater, moist wood, wood impregnated with copper-containing salts and alkaline building materials (such as fresh concrete).  It is also the case that contamination can lead to a reduction in the corrosion resistance of aluminum, especially if the dirt is damp. This is why it is recommended to clean the aluminum twice a year (this, of course, depends on the degree of contamination). When developing the SafeBIS shelter it is important to take this downside into account to make sure an oxide layer will be formed and all the positive characteristics can be received [(alumeco)].  +The downside is that there are a number of factors that negatively affect the corrosion resistance of aluminium, such as contact with other metals (copper, lead, iron) especially in combination with high moisture content, inorganic acids, chlorinated solvents, seawater, moist wood, wood impregnated with copper-containing salts and alkaline building materials (such as fresh concrete).  It is also the case that contamination can lead to a reduction in the corrosion resistance of aluminium, especially if the dirt is damp. This is why it is recommended to clean the aluminium twice a year (this, of course, depends on the degree of contamination). When developing the SafeBIS shelter it is important to take this downside into account to make sure an oxide layer will be formed and all the positive characteristics can be received [(alumeco)].  
  
-The properties (air-dry density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity in bending, compression strength, shear strength) of aluminum are as follows [(asm)]:\\+The properties (air-dry density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity in bending, compression strength, shear strength) of aluminium are as follows [(asm)]:\\
   * Air-Dry Density (g/cm³): 2.70   * Air-Dry Density (g/cm³): 2.70
   * Bending Strength (N/mm²): 310   * Bending Strength (N/mm²): 310
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   * **CONCLUSION**\\   * **CONCLUSION**\\
-When comparing laminated oak wood with aluminum, it isn't hard to see that aluminum has the best mechanical properties. The bending strength is 3 times bigger, the modulus of elasticity in bending is 6.4 times bigger, the compression strength of oak wood is a fourth of the compression strength of aluminum and the shear strength has a difference of 196 N/mm² as this is 207 N/mm² for aluminum and 11 N/mm² for oak wood. Despite the fact that aluminum has a bigger density, which makes it heavier than oak wood and our main goal of comparing oak wood with aluminum was to find the lightest one, the aluminum beams will be less heavy. This is possible as the better mechanical properties mean that a smaller mass of the material is needed to receive the same strength. Instead of oak wooden beams with an average total mass of 16000 cm³ (8 x 8 x 250 cm), the team can use a square tube of aluminum that only has a mass of 1410 cm³ (5 x 5 x 250 cm - (5-0.6) x (5-0.6) x 250 cm (0.6 is subtracted because a tube with a thickness of 3 mm is used)). According to this, the weight of a wooden beam is 10.1 kg (16000 cm³ x 0.63 g/cm³) and the weight of the aluminum tube is 3.8 kg (1410 cm³ x 2.70 g/cm³). This difference in weight made the team decide to use the tubes made of aluminum instead of oak wood. The square tubes of aluminum will be 5x5 cm, with a thickness of 3mm. The total weight of all beams together 75 kg.+When comparing laminated oak wood with aluminium, it isn't hard to see that aluminium has the best mechanical properties. The bending strength is 3 times bigger, the modulus of elasticity in bending is 6.4 times bigger, the compression strength of oak wood is a fourth of the compression strength of aluminium and the shear strength has a difference of 196 N/mm² as this is 207 N/mm² for aluminium and 11 N/mm² for oak wood. Despite the fact that aluminium has a bigger density, which makes it heavier than oak wood and our main goal of comparing oak wood with aluminium was to find the lightest one, the aluminium beams will be less heavy. This is possible as the better mechanical properties mean that a smaller mass of the material is needed to receive the same strength. Instead of oak wooden beams with an average total mass of 16000 cm³ (8 x 8 x 250 cm), the team can use a square tube of aluminium that only has a mass of 1410 cm³ (5 x 5 x 250 cm - (5-0.6) x (5-0.6) x 250 cm (0.6 is subtracted because a tube with a thickness of 3 mm is used)). According to this, the weight of a wooden beam is 10.1 kg (16000 cm³ x 0.63 g/cm³) and the weight of the aluminium tube is 3.8 kg (1410 cm³ x 2.70 g/cm³). This difference in weight made the team decide to use the tubes made of aluminium instead of oak wood. The square tubes of aluminium will be 5x5 cm, with a thickness of 3mm. The total weight of all beams together 75 kg.
  
  
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 Doing more research about the quality of different types of cork and setting up a test to examine the qualities will not be able as company visits are not possible. In the second solution will be explained how more certainty about the strength of the floor can be obtained.\\ Doing more research about the quality of different types of cork and setting up a test to examine the qualities will not be able as company visits are not possible. In the second solution will be explained how more certainty about the strength of the floor can be obtained.\\
  
-For the second solution, a second material will be added to the cork plate. Adding a bottom plate made out of a strong different material will ensure a greater total strength of the floor. Multiple species of wood and also aluminum were compared to see which material could serve the best. Aluminum got eliminated very fast because the weight of it in comparison with the wood species was way bigger. It also did not fit in the "nature" look that the team wants to pursue. \\+For the second solution, a second material will be added to the cork plate. Adding a bottom plate made out of a strong different material will ensure a greater total strength of the floor. Multiple species of wood and also aluminium were compared to see which material could serve the best. Aluminium got eliminated very fast because the weight of it in comparison with the wood species was way bigger. It also did not fit in the "nature" look that the team wants to pursue. \\
 Marine Plywood, Ash wood, and Spruce wood were the three species that fitted the best in our "shelter picture". Spruce wood was chosen as it is the lightest of them all and still has good strength properties. The density of Spruce wood is 450 kg/m³ [(wooddensity)], for the floor a plate of 15 mm will be used.\\ Marine Plywood, Ash wood, and Spruce wood were the three species that fitted the best in our "shelter picture". Spruce wood was chosen as it is the lightest of them all and still has good strength properties. The density of Spruce wood is 450 kg/m³ [(wooddensity)], for the floor a plate of 15 mm will be used.\\
  
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   *** CORK & ALUMINIUM COMPOSITE PANEL**   *** CORK & ALUMINIUM COMPOSITE PANEL**
  
-After the team decided to change the oak wooden beams to beams made of aluminum, the floor was also rethought. As the team didn’t stick to the wooden beams and chose for lightness instead of a homey atmosphere, research was done to check if the wooden bottom layer of the floor could also be replaced by a layer made of a lighter material. The team bumped into an aluminum composite panel with honeycomb core as it is known to be used as a very light construction material.+After the team decided to change the oak wooden beams to beams made of aluminium, the floor was also rethought. As the team didn’t stick to the wooden beams and chose for lightness instead of a homey atmosphere, research was done to check if the wooden bottom layer of the floor could also be replaced by a layer made of a lighter material. The team bumped into an aluminium composite panel with honeycomb core as it is known to be used as a very light construction material.
  
-The aluminum composite panel is a sandwich panel that is constructed of a honeycomb core and cover sheets. The core consists of aluminum foils made of the allow AlMn (EN AW 3003), the cover sheets consist of corrosion-resistant Peraluman alloys (AlMg). The construction of the aluminium composite panel is illustrated in Table {{ref>construction}} [(composites)].+The aluminium composite panel is a sandwich panel that is constructed of a honeycomb core and cover sheets. The core consists of aluminium foils made of the allow AlMn (EN AW 3003), the cover sheets consist of corrosion-resistant Peraluman alloys (AlMg). The construction of the aluminium composite panel is illustrated in Table {{ref>construction}} [(composites)].
  
 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-Also in terms of the environment, the composite panel is a valuable candidate. During the life cycle of aluminum sandwich panels, no substances containing CFC are set free at any time. The panel can be fully recycled, i.e. the panels are fed back into the material cycle and used in the production of new material. The panels that SafeBIS will use are produced at '3A Composites', a company that has an own environmental management system that is regularly audited by independent auditors. It is of utmost importance for them to preserve natural resources in order to ensure a livable tomorrow for future generations. They offer panels that have certification according to EN ISO 14001 [(composites)].+Also in terms of the environment, the composite panel is a valuable candidate. During the life cycle of aluminium sandwich panels, no substances containing CFC are set free at any time. The panel can be fully recycled, i.e. the panels are fed back into the material cycle and used in the production of new material. The panels that SafeBIS will use are produced at '3A Composites', a company that has an own environmental management system that is regularly audited by independent auditors. It is of utmost importance for them to preserve natural resources in order to ensure a livable tomorrow for future generations. They offer panels that have certification according to EN ISO 14001 [(composites)].
  
   * **CONCLUSION**\\   * **CONCLUSION**\\
-Regarding the research the team did about the aluminum composite panel and the comparison between this and the spruce wooden layer, the team decided to choose for a floor made of the composite panel. This decision was made because this panel is a typical construction material that will serve perfectly as a floor for the shelter. Just as aluminum beams were chosen instead of oak wooden beams for the material of the beams, the team decided to choose the aluminum sandwich panel instead of the wooden layer. Again preference was given to weight over a homey atmosphere. +Regarding the research the team did about the aluminium composite panel and the comparison between this and the spruce wooden layer, the team decided to choose for a floor made of the composite panel. This decision was made because this panel is a typical construction material that will serve perfectly as a floor for the shelter. Just as aluminium beams were chosen instead of oak wooden beams for the material of the beams, the team decided to choose the aluminium sandwich panel instead of the wooden layer. Again preference was given to weight over a homey atmosphere. 
  
 As the team still wanted to find a way to make the shelter as homey as possible, the decision was made to keep the cork roll. The cork roll is easy to roll out in the shelter so it can serve as carpet. The weight of the roll is 10.3 kg for covering the living area. Summing up this weight and the weight of the panel, a total weight of 119.5 kg is found.\\ As the team still wanted to find a way to make the shelter as homey as possible, the decision was made to keep the cork roll. The cork roll is easy to roll out in the shelter so it can serve as carpet. The weight of the roll is 10.3 kg for covering the living area. Summing up this weight and the weight of the panel, a total weight of 119.5 kg is found.\\
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure airflow> <figure airflow>
-{{ :airflow.png?direct&800 |Airflow}}+{{ ::air.jpg?500 |}}
 <caption>Airflow through the double layers</caption> <caption>Airflow through the double layers</caption>
 </figure>  </figure> 
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 <caption>Design floor</caption> <caption>Design floor</caption>
 <WRAP 1000px center> <WRAP 1000px center>
-|{{ :fl9.jpg?direct&350 |Closed floor}}|{{ :fl8.jpg?direct&350 |Half open floor}}|{{ :floor.jpeg?direct&350 |Open floor}}|+|{{ :fl9.jpg?direct&350 |Closed floor}}|{{ :fl8.jpg?direct&350 |Half open floor}}|{{ ::fl5.jpg?300 |}}|
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 <table deployed> <table deployed>
 <caption>Design seperated leg for in the middle</caption> <caption>Design seperated leg for in the middle</caption>
-<WRAP 1000px center> +<WRAP 500px center> 
-|{{ :middle_leg.jpeg?direct&300 |Separated leg for the middle}}|+|{{ :middle_leg.jpeg?direct&200 |Separated leg for the middle}}|
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 The Bis Team set out to design a different, innovative packaging by using a component part of the shelter. Thus, the floor is used to incorporate inside of it all the necessary components for the construction of a shelter. The innovative packaging also helps in bringing huge profits and benefits for the firm. Here, the company gives a unique design to its product package with the intent to grab customer’s attention.\\ The Bis Team set out to design a different, innovative packaging by using a component part of the shelter. Thus, the floor is used to incorporate inside of it all the necessary components for the construction of a shelter. The innovative packaging also helps in bringing huge profits and benefits for the firm. Here, the company gives a unique design to its product package with the intent to grab customer’s attention.\\
 By using as few materials as possible and turning the floor into a storage container, the costs are considerably reduced, but at the same time the impact on the environment, because it is no longer necessary to use extra materials.\\ By using as few materials as possible and turning the floor into a storage container, the costs are considerably reduced, but at the same time the impact on the environment, because it is no longer necessary to use extra materials.\\
-The floor, obtained from a material with considerably good characteristics, high strength, aluminum composite panel (see Figure {{ref>composite}}), over which a layer of 4 mm of cork is added, is divided into 5 sections that fold through hinges. Clamping these parts and ensuring that all elements are kept intact is achieved by using an extensible steel clamp, which can be adjusted to secure the entire assembly.\\+The floor, obtained from a material with considerably good characteristics, high strength, aluminium composite panel (see Figure {{ref>composite}}), over which a layer of 4 mm of cork is added, is divided into 5 sections that fold through hinges. Clamping these parts and ensuring that all elements are kept intact is achieved by using an extensible steel clamp, which can be adjusted to secure the entire assembly.\\
  
-The way in which the floor is folded is illustrated in Table {{ref>packaging}}. The content of this storage box, created from the floor, is made in accordance with the dimensions of an aluminum pipe up to 80x80 mm, so we can conclude that it will fit very well the structure of the shelter, given that the pipes are smaller than those in the figure.+The way in which the floor is folded is illustrated in Table {{ref>packaging}}. The content of this storage box, created from the floor, is made in accordance with the dimensions of an aluminium pipe up to 80x80 mm, so we can conclude that it will fit very well the structure of the shelter, given that the pipes are smaller than those in the figure.
  
 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
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 The model was made on a scale of 1:5 compared to the actual dimensions of the 3D model, considering the possible minor errors that occurred during the manufacture of materials and assembly of components.\\ The model was made on a scale of 1:5 compared to the actual dimensions of the 3D model, considering the possible minor errors that occurred during the manufacture of materials and assembly of components.\\
-To make the model were used wooden beams that were painted to illustrate the aluminum beams (an easier method to process the materials and to avoid some mistakes, and at the same time cheaper). At the same time, we used 6 trapezoidal beams in the corners of the hexagon, to form the hexagon and completely close the structure, as ordinary hinges would not have done this in combination with simple square beams. Thus, by using the trapezoidal shape, the angle of inclination of the hinges projected in the 3D model was compensated.\\+To make the model were used wooden beams that were painted to illustrate the aluminium beams (an easier method to process the materials and to avoid some mistakes, and at the same time cheaper). At the same time, we used 6 trapezoidal beams in the corners of the hexagon, to form the hexagon and completely close the structure, as ordinary hinges would not have done this in combination with simple square beams. Thus, by using the trapezoidal shape, the angle of inclination of the hinges projected in the 3D model was compensated.\\
 The floor also respects the structure, becoming the packaging solution for the entire ensemble. \\ The floor also respects the structure, becoming the packaging solution for the entire ensemble. \\
 Finally, inside the skeleton was integrated the fabric that folds inside, at the same time with the movement of the skeleton. This whole body, together with its elements, is placed in the box and stored very easily.\\ Finally, inside the skeleton was integrated the fabric that folds inside, at the same time with the movement of the skeleton. This whole body, together with its elements, is placed in the box and stored very easily.\\
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure s1> <figure s1>
-{{ ::s1.jpg?400 |}}+{{ :simulation1.jpg?400 |}}
 <caption>Simulation results</caption> <caption>Simulation results</caption>
 </figure> </figure>
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure s2> <figure s2>
-{{ ::s2.jpg?400 |}}+{{ :simulation2.jpg?400 |}}
 <caption>Simulation results</caption> <caption>Simulation results</caption>
 </figure> </figure>
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure s3> <figure s3>
-{{ ::s3.jpg?400 |}}+{{ :simulation3.jpg?400 |}}
 <caption>Simulation results</caption> <caption>Simulation results</caption>
 </figure> </figure>
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure s4> <figure s4>
-{{ ::s4.jpg?400 |}}+{{ :simulation4.jpg?400 |}}
 <caption>Simulation results</caption> <caption>Simulation results</caption>
 </figure> </figure>
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 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
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 === Product === === Product ===
 This section shows the full look of shelter and gives a short explanation of the 4 most important characteristics of the design. A full look is included as SafeBIS wants to be transparent with the donors and other visitors. By showing the entire design we hope to convince people about the reliability of our brand and to gain their confidence. The four characteristics on the left are included to summarize the shelter shortly and to inform the visitors easily about the project.  This section shows the full look of shelter and gives a short explanation of the 4 most important characteristics of the design. A full look is included as SafeBIS wants to be transparent with the donors and other visitors. By showing the entire design we hope to convince people about the reliability of our brand and to gain their confidence. The four characteristics on the left are included to summarize the shelter shortly and to inform the visitors easily about the project. 
-{{ :product.jpg?direct&1100 |Product}}+{{ ::sssjj.jpg?1100 |}}
  
 === About Us === === About Us ===
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 Here was the starting point for product development, where we analyzed the different possibilities of folding, assembly, analyzing these aspects to streamline the handling of shelters once they are distributed for use.\\ Here was the starting point for product development, where we analyzed the different possibilities of folding, assembly, analyzing these aspects to streamline the handling of shelters once they are distributed for use.\\
-In this part of the project, a diagram was developed in which certain necessary requirements were assigned and the result we obtain for maximum performance. The analysis of the necessary materials was done very carefully, researching information about the properties of each material to select the best option, thus sustainable and recyclable materials were chosen, mostly dominating aluminum, which is a lightweight material and cotton, which is the specific element of this shelter.\\+In this part of the project, a diagram was developed in which certain necessary requirements were assigned and the result we obtain for maximum performance. The analysis of the necessary materials was done very carefully, researching information about the properties of each material to select the best option, thus sustainable and recyclable materials were chosen, mostly dominating aluminium, which is a lightweight material and cotton, which is the specific element of this shelter.\\
 All the materials used to build the SafeBIS shelter ensure safety, well-being, and the possibility of coexistence of a lot of people by creating modules.\\ All the materials used to build the SafeBIS shelter ensure safety, well-being, and the possibility of coexistence of a lot of people by creating modules.\\
  
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 In the next chapter, is described the future development and a discussion that will present the conclusions and prospective the team drew during this project, so the team will discuss aspects related to the product, limitations, requirements, and results obtained. \\ In the next chapter, is described the future development and a discussion that will present the conclusions and prospective the team drew during this project, so the team will discuss aspects related to the product, limitations, requirements, and results obtained. \\
 ===== - Conclusions ===== ===== - Conclusions =====
 +
 ==== - Discussion ==== ==== - Discussion ====
  
 The team set out to test the feasibility of creating a successful business surrounded the idea of providing safe unique temporary shelters, for people in areas affected by natural disasters. The team created a marketing plan to promote the foldable disaster shelter to target people and organizations. A detailed business plan was created to specify logistics, costs and funding, supplies, and target consumers. This allowed the team to fully specify the ins and out of the business to potential sponsors for future funding. In addition to the marketing plan, there were also goals of sustainability and ethical concerns pursued. \\ The team set out to test the feasibility of creating a successful business surrounded the idea of providing safe unique temporary shelters, for people in areas affected by natural disasters. The team created a marketing plan to promote the foldable disaster shelter to target people and organizations. A detailed business plan was created to specify logistics, costs and funding, supplies, and target consumers. This allowed the team to fully specify the ins and out of the business to potential sponsors for future funding. In addition to the marketing plan, there were also goals of sustainability and ethical concerns pursued. \\
  
-According to the ideas the team started with at the beginning, the result is quite different. Starting with the design, the folding system and the materials used, they were optimized as much as possible, so that from the wood used for the whole structure of the shelter, the team agreed, following some tests, that aluminum is a very resistant material and with a much lower weight, thus streamlining the assembly of the shelter and its timely use.\\+According to the ideas the team started with at the beginning, the result is quite different. Starting with the design, the folding system and the materials used, they were optimized as much as possible, so that from the wood used for the whole structure of the shelter, the team agreed, following some tests, that aluminium is a very resistant material and with a much lower weight, thus streamlining the assembly of the shelter and its timely use.\\
 The folding system is more efficient and fast, avoiding the use of additional bonding materials and the use of too many materials.\\ The folding system is more efficient and fast, avoiding the use of additional bonding materials and the use of too many materials.\\
  
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-PS - //If you have doubts on how to make citations, create captions, insert formulas, etc. visit this [[http://www.epswiki.dee.isep.ipp.pt/doku.php?id=example | page]] with examples and select "Show pagesource" to see the source code.//  

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